Neural tube defects are congenital disorders of the brain and spinal cord that develop during the first weeks of pregnancy. Often, a woman does not even know she is pregnant when these processes are already taking place. That is why prevention of neural tube defects begins long before conception.
The most reliable way to reduce the risk is to take folic acid. It is recommended to start taking it at least three months before planning a pregnancy and continue during the first weeks after conception. Folic acid helps the body to properly form the neural tube in the unborn child. In addition, it is important to watch your diet: your diet should include vegetables, greens, fruits, legumes, whole grains, and foods with sufficient vitamin and mineral content.
The lifestyle of the expectant mother plays an equally important role. It is necessary to give up smoking and alcohol, control chronic diseases, engage in moderate physical activity, and monitor sleep patterns. It is best to discuss all medications taken before pregnancy with your doctor to rule out possible harm to the baby.
Preparing for pregnancy also includes a medical examination and consultation with a doctor. The doctor will help identify hidden health problems and provide recommendations on nutrition, supplements, and lifestyle. Vaccination and infection control are also important for reducing risks.
Preventing NTDs involves simple but effective steps: healthy eating, folic acid, avoiding harmful habits, managing chronic diseases, consulting a doctor, and taking care of your own health. All these measures together help expectant mothers create the safest possible conditions for their child’s development and reduce the risk of congenital disorders.
